A functional CV (also knows as a skills-based CV) is focussed on the skills, achievements and professional qualities you have developed during your career, rather than being centered on your work experience and career progression.
This type of CV is suited to people who have a more varied work history, possibly spanning different roles and industried, rather than having had a straightforward, linear career progression.
A functional CV is also ideal if you're looking to make a move into an industry or role you have no experience in. This is because it looks at the skills you can bring to a new role ("transferable skills"), rather than showing the direct experience you have of doing that job (which may be zero).
A functional CV also disguises career gaps and 'job-hopping' (having multiple short-term jobs), which may be a red flag for employers.
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